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The station was initially tested as a subsidiary of QUBE, the first cable television program broadcast in Columbus, Ohio. The channel C-3 was released by Pinwheel, a dedicated educational show hosted by all-time great Vivian Horner. The show worked well with all the QUBE subscribers, and Horner wanted to expand his program to a full-fledged national television channel. The channel is now called Nickelodeon, introduced new audiences nationwide in April , and had Pinwheel as its first show.
The network was non-commercial in nature and stayed like that until Throughout history, Nickelodeon has been able to introduce many sister channels and blockchain programs with various themes. Nickelodeon introduced Nick Jr in , which was a special channel for preschool children.
The network launched another brand in Nicktoons was the first animated product designed specifically for this network. The Nicktoons brand launched another sister channel in The original cast of the Pinwheel TV series.
The original concept of Nickelodeon was conceived by Dr. Vivian Horner , an educator who worked as the director of research on The Electric Company. The C-3 channel was nicknamed the "Pinwheel Channel" since it exclusively broadcast episodes of Pinwheel each day from a.
After the success of Pinwheel , Horner planned to bring the show along with a handful of other series on QUBE to a nationwide audience as part of the first U. She asked her co-workers to help her come up with a list of possible names for the national network. Several names were proposed, such as "the Savoy Channel" and "the Rainbow Network", before Pinwheel producer Sandy Kavanaugh came up with the name "Nickelodeon", [1] a word that originally referred to small, coin-operated movie theaters that came to prominence in the s.
Kavanaugh was not initially fully satisfied with the name; in , she recalled:. In December , the QUBE team announced that C-3's programming would make the move to national television and become its own channel.
In its early years, the network was entirely commercial-free, and was used as a loss leader for Warner Cable's fledgling service The Movie Channel, as the company thought having a commercial-free children's channel would be somewhat of an advantage putting them over rivals like HBO then owned by Time-Life, Inc. Despite its prior history on the QUBE system, Nickelodeon usually designates as the year of its "official" launch, as that was the year it became a national cable channel.
Nickelodeon's first logo, depicting a man peering into the wordmark, was created by New York-based creative director and designer Joseph Iozzi. As the logo could not be trademarked since it featured a stock illustration, Iozzii intended to revise the logo with a period illustration of a boy in nickers, a British flat cap and large suspenders tiptoed on a stylish iron train step; however, new incoming management never permitted the planned redesign, [4] and the logo was instead replaced with one featuring the wordmark in the Pinwheel typeface a year later.
Nickelodeon quickly expanded its audience reach, first to other Warner Cable systems across the country and eventually to other cable providers. At the time of its launch, Nickelodeon's programming ran each weekday from a. Premium cable network Star Channel which later relaunched as the Movie Channel in November would take over the channel space after Nickelodeon's broadcast day ended. Through the formation of the joint venture, which was incorporated in December , Star Channel and Nickelodeon were absorbed into Warner-Amex Satellite Entertainment later Warner-Amex Cable Communications , which handled the operations of the group's cable channels, while Warner Cable was folded into the separate, jointly owned Warner Cable Corporation.
Beginning in , Nickelodeon ran interstitials between programs, consisting of a mime portrayed by actor and mime Jonathan Schwartz [7] doing tricks in front of a black background. In , Nickelodeon introduced a new logo designed by Lou Dorfsman, consisting of a multicolored wordmark in the Frankfurter typeface and a silver pinball illustrated by Bob Klein.
The green slime originally featured on that show was later adopted by Nickelodeon as a primary feature of many of its special events and game shows. Wizard's World. On April 12, , the channel shifted its daily programming to 13 hours a day, now airing from a. Eastern and Pacific Time, seven days a week. In , Nickelodeon began to accept corporate underwriting a method common in public television for its programming in order to increase revenue, which had stagnated as a result of low programming investment.
In early , Geraldine Laybourne , who had been a program manager at the network since , [11] was named vice president of Nickelodeon, [12] and made the controversial decision to begin accepting advertising for the network. One of several versions of the "classic" Nickelodeon logo used from to This version, in the style of the original Nicktoons logo, was introduced in Seibert and Goodman initially chose only one of the proposed designs, but then decided to incorporate all of Corey and Nash's ideas into a revolving brand reminiscent of MTV's identity which involved the logo in different patterns and colors.
Notably, they also collaborated with doo-wop group the Jive Five known for their hit "My True Story" , who contributed the channel's now-distinctive a capella jingle. On October 1, , the new branding made its on-air debut, and was initially used in tandem with the "pinball" logo until that design was completely phased out in early With the rebrand, Nickelodeon's viewership increased significantly among children in the United States, which led to it becoming the highest-rated network on basic cable by mid Nickelodeon would remain the dominant channel in children's programming for 26 years, even with increasing competition from other children's cable channels such as the Disney Channel and Cartoon Network.
Around this time, it also began promoting itself as "the First Kids' Network", due to its status as the first American cable network aimed at children. Some cable systems provided programming from a niche cable television service that had no room on system airing on the channel space, with future sister network BET being among the most popular choices.
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